Fraunhofer’s Technology Platform for Tire Abrasion and the Identification of Its Emissions in Road Traffic (TERIS) project, a collaboration between the ICT, IGD, and IWM institutes and led by the Fraunhofer LBF (Institute for Structural Durability and System Reliability), has reached a first major milestone in its work developing standardized laboratory methods for generating, analyzing and predicting tire wear.
The interim results
Fraunhofer LBF researchers have developed a basic design concept for an abrasion machine intended to generate and collect realistic tire abrasion from rubber samples. The team analyzed various existing test bench designs and adapted requirements from real-world driving data to laboratory conditions. The machine’s design enables adjustment of multiple parameters affecting tire abrasion, while particle collection and detection are handled by other work packages within the project.
Results from the TERIS project have so far covered reference abrasion generation, particle analysis, tribological modeling, AI-based surface analysis, a test bench concept, and methods for accelerated ageing and VOC detection.
The project aims to give tire manufacturers, testing labs and environmental agencies faster, more reliable laboratory procedures for assessing tire-related emissions. The analysis of its work will be used for material and tire development and for forecasting digitized driving analysis.
The project’s first milestone has now been formally reviewed and confirmed by an independent advisory board of industry experts, marking successful completion of the project’s first phase.
New standards for laboratory analysis and prediction of tire wear
The project combines multiple collection and measurement techniques to analyze both airborne and settled tire wear particles. Researchers also developed tribological models – tribology being the study of interacting surfaces in relative motion, covering friction, wear and lubrication – to examine, both experimentally and theoretically, how load, material properties and surface structure relate to particle formation. This enables real-world abrasion processes to be reproduced under controlled laboratory conditions.
A test chamber specialized in accelerated aging enables preconditioning of samples in a targeted and reproducible manner under environmental stress, which enables the investigation of the influence on abrasion behavior.
A major advancement is the development of an optical detection system that uses artificial intelligence to precisely identify and classify surface structures. The approach has been validated using substitute materials and will be applied to real rubber samples in the next phase.
The consortium has also designed a test bench concept that combines the generation of rubber abrasion under multiaxial loading, targeted particle detection and the integration of optical sensors in a laboratory setup.
A combination of weathering and chemical analysis of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) generated by tire abrasion enables assessment of the environmental impact of particles.
The results provide the basis for an accelerated, practical and well-founded evaluation of new rubber compounds in the laboratory, Fraunhofer said, with tire manufacturers, testing services and environmental agencies provided with tools that enable them to “specifically reduce emissions, evaluate new products more quickly and meet the requirements of the Euro 7 standard”.
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